Essay about The Constitutionality of Prayer - 846 Words

The question of the constitutionality of prayer in our public schools and public school system has been an ongoing controversy for the past three decades. There is only one way to end the controversy, and it is pertinent to the well being of our youth and our nation. We must keep church and state forever separate. Any form of prayer in the public school system is an explicit violation of the first amendment, is coercive, and harmful to not only our nations children, but to the nation itself. The question of prayer in school should never have even been a question, and the fact that it remains three decades later is nothing short of unfaithful to the constitution. One could even go so far as to call this issue unpatriotic, as we are†¦show more content†¦Or, take it from Thomas Jefferson. As he put it, the First Amendment serves in part to build â€Å"a wall of separation between church and state† (Gaylor). Any way you put it it is clear to see that the First Amendment was created to keep church and state separate, and allowing prayer in our public schools is an obvious violation to the intentions of the creators of the Constitution. There is no possible way one could misinterpret the intentions of our forefathers when they wrote the Bill of Rights. The First Amendment forbids government funded religious activity. Public Schools are government funded, and prayer is a religious activity. Therefore, according to our constitution, prayer has no place in our public schools. This is not to say that a Christian child cannot pray to God, or a Muslim child cannot pray to Allah, they just cannot do so during the time spent at school or during school functions. This leaves the average elementary to high school student with a good 130 hours a week to do their worshiping, and this does not even include weekends (Education). If the amendment itself is not clear enough, maybe a little history is. No one can argue that our founders made America home in pursuit of religious freedom. This is fact. America was created when our founding fathers fled religious persecution from their own government. Since the beginning America has been a religious mosaic, blending Christians with Catholics andShow MoreRelatedThe Constitutionality of Prayer in Public Schools Essay698 Words   |  3 PagesMany people agree against prayer in public schools, while others think that people should be able to express their religion in their own ways. In public schools, they are not allowed to hold prayers at all during the school day due to the mixed religion students that are attending the school. Over the past few years, this has become an extremely controversial issue in our nation. Many people find it proper to pray in school but many people also agree that it is extremely wrong and that if thereRead MoreShould Prayer Be Allowed? School?1623 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment is too powerful and those that would agree that prayer should be allowed in school. On th e flip side to that those that feel the government does not have enough power and tend to disagree with pear being allowed in school. Based off articles researched and statistics gathered as well summarized it can be determined that those that are of the conservative and or republican party tend to feel that the government should not have a say in prayer in school. This may be because of religious preferenceRead MoreAlabama V. Jaffree ( 1985 )1737 Words   |  7 PagesAlabama statute 16-1-20.1, allowing a period of silence for meditation or voluntary prayer violate the First Amendment Establishment Clause that is applied to the states by the Fourteenth Amendment? Facts of the Case: The case of Wallace v. Jaffree calls into question the constitutionality of an Alabama statute that authorized teachers to lead a one-minute period of silence for â€Å"meditation or voluntary† prayer in all public schools. Ishmael Jaffree, the parent of three students in the Mobile CountyRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1466 Words   |  6 Pagesreflected in early schooling, as many schools that children attended began the day with either prayers, readings from the King James version of the Bible, or some form of praising the Christian God. Over time, our country has shifted away from our devotion to religion. Because less people agree on religion in this country, and because public schools are government entities, as cases about religion and prayer in public schools have come up, religion has been separated from the schooling process moreRead MoreExpansion Of Federal Power : The United States1546 Words   |  7 Pagesactivities including minimum wage and labor. T he Court broadened the â€Å"Necessary and Proper† clause when it ruled that Congress can establish a federal bank. Finally, the Court reinterpreted the meaning of the First Amendment so as to eliminate voluntary prayer in public or in schools. These are not the only illustrations of the Supreme Court expanding federal power, but by examining these three examples, expansion of federal power is shown. The Commerce Clause was originally designed for congress to regulateRead MoreSupreme Court Cases, Thematic Essay861 Words   |  4 Pagessystem. In the case of Engel vs. Vitale, the main topic dealt with prayer at school. The New York State board of regents composed a non-denominational prayer to be used in the state’s public schools. Students were not forced to pray the prayer but rather the prayer was a voluntary decision. Some parents of the students were not in agreement with the use of the prayer in schools and wanted to challenge the constitutionality of it. They sued in the New York State Supreme Court and later appealedRead MoreEssay on Is America Really the Home of the Free?2251 Words   |  10 PagesAnother issue has been the banning of public prayer in schools. It was decided that public prayer should be outlawed in the Supreme Court case Engel v. Vitale. (Schlafly et al. 150) Some people could understand this as it is not right to make prayer mandatory in school, when there are people who don’t believe in any religion. What might get some people is what was decided in 1962 by the Supreme Court, †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ even a voluntary, non-denominational school prayer led by a public school official violated theRead MoreThe Reflection Of Francis Bellamys Pledge Of Allegiance1092 Words   |  5 Pagesendorses religion or not, but the results do show that the citizens would not want to make a change either way. Throughout nearly 70 years, cases on the issue have gradually increased. Current court systems are pressured with the questioned constitutionality of Eisenhowers inclusion as a variety of religions begin to gain support through religious tolerance, expressing such in court. Cases indirect to the issue have occurred as well which uses and manipulates the Pledge of Allegiance in ways thatRead MorePrayer In Schools Has Been A Much Talked About Debate In1434 Words   |  6 Pages Prayer in schools has been a much talked about debate in America over the past half-century. Conservatives, trying to regulate the religious freedoms of Americans , have tried numerous times to pass amendments that allow private student-led prayer in the classrooms(Baik, 243). Liberals, realizing that private prayer is and has always been legal, try to keep the balance between church-state separation as it is. This has kept the political issue of religion at a boil and confused many people on theRead MoreTeaching in America: God in Schools826 Words   |  3 Pageslead any type of prayer or religious readings during school time. Many people complained about their children learning about different religions from teachers in school. These people felt that it was the job of the parents at home and not the teachers in school to influence their children about religions. â€Å"(T)eachers and other public school officials may not lead their classes in prayer, devotional readings from the Bible, or other religious activities.† (â€Å"Guidance on Constitutionality†). Government

Social Communication Skills With Diverse Work Populations

Having strong social communication skills as a Human Resources Manager, Supervisor, Generalist or similar role is necessary when interacting with diverse work populations. It is also salient for these employees during times when personal, emotional, topics are being addressed. It has been my experience that having successful communication skills is a quality that is developed amongst leaders and not necessarily an inherent trait. My goal is to help a team of Human Resources low to mid level leaders to develop their social communication skills so that they may build deeper rapport with their subordinates. To successfully have the outcomes mentioned above this workshop will consist of the following objectives: To define and describe†¦show more content†¦The remainder of this summary workshop includes: Firstly, further information regarding the participants; secondly, a detailed outline of the workshop scheme and what is instructed/facilitated; and finally the overall purpose and rationale for conducting this workshop. Participants My intention is to conduct a trail workshop with Human Resources Leaders at my current internship and other leaders outside of the organization if possible. The members who are a part of my organization consist of four Human Resources leaders. I am currently an intern for the Brooklyn Nets basket ball team. This organization operates in the entertainment/media industry. Currently the Nets have approximately 250 full-time and part-time employees. At the moment, this HR management team consists of: one HR Generalist, one HR Senior Manager, One HR Vice President, and one HR Chief Executive Officer listed in ascending order. Each of these roles involve interacting with both salaried and hourly employees on a regular basis. As a team, these HR leaders hold the main responsibilities of: increasing employee engagement, reducing turnover, on-boarding new-hires, and increasing employee satisfaction most importantly of all the other many tasks in within their department. Outline of Worksho p This half-day workshop is centralized on social communication skills with diverse

Greek Art and Architecture Essay Example For Students

Greek Art and Architecture Essay The Palace of Knossos, a Minoan mud brick and timber structure on a shallow stone foundation, featuring a central courtyard, was constructed on an acropolis. It was a place for rulers to reside, shrines for religious ceremonies to be worshipped, the industrial production of objects, and administrative duties. Ample hallways, stairways, chambers, and light wells supplemented the ambitiously built structure. There were plenty of columns to mark he four awe inspiring entrance passages. Four wings, oriented in a north-south direction, surrounded the central courtyard. The east wing featured the residential spaces, a workshop, and a shrine, while the west wing was complete with more shrines, a throne room, storerooms, and a banquet hall. The north wing included a theater area. The south wing featured a separate paved courtyard west of the palace. Inside the Palace of Knossos, plastered walls were painted with color washes. The walls were also decorated with frescos, many of which depicted religious ceremonies. The Minoans were a people who enjoyed life. Many wine jars were found and it can be noted that women commonly bore their breasts. Long hair and makeup were popular and many festivals and events were held at the 1400 room palace. Nothing was fortified. These people had a love of art, color, and leisure, as depicted in many of the frescos at Knossos. Minoan art occasionally featured geometric and repetitive forms on walls, floors, and ceilings, but more common were figurative and landscape elements. Often seen were both local and foreign flowers and plants. It is important to mention that no narrative style has been noted and there are no hieroglyphics to decipher the images at Knossos. An example of a Minoan fresco at Knossos is the Bull Jumping mural, about 24 1. 2 in height. One person holds the horns of a bull while another jumps over the animal. This may have been a sporting event, as bulls were an important image, ad may have been sacrificed. Figures in these Minoan works are much more animated than typical Egyptian examples. A face of a bull with guilded horns, about 12 tall, was found at Knossos. Created from steatite with shell, rock crystal, and red jasper, a white, chalky substance was rubbed into carvings on it to give the illusion of texture and detail. Water or some other liquid could be poured from into the back and out of the bulls mouth. Unlike the Minoan Palace of Knossos, the Citadel of Mycenae was heavily fortified and featured many entrances. Its famous gate, The Lion Gate, is known for its keystone depicting two of the animal. Though the columns appear Minoan in style, this is a Mycenaean innovation featuring the first example of monumental sculpture in Greek art. This post and lintel limestone entrance is over 96 tall. Also Mycenaean, the Beehive Tomb at the Treasury of Atreus, complete with corbelling, and post and lintel entranceway, and a long walkway. The Treasury of Atreus is a well preserved tholos tomb with a round, corbelled interior roof, cushioned capital columns, and a small chamber. This monument was once highly decorated with paint and sculpture, though this can no longer be seen. A mask, once thought to depict the face of Agamemnon, though now a disproved theory, was found at the royal tombs of Mycenae. It is the likeness of a man and was used as a burial mask with a less stylized beard and mustache. Mycenae was full of war and turmoil. A vase, c. 1300-100 bc, was dubbed The Warrior Vase for its scene of women bidding farewell to the warrior men. Such a solemn feel seems to typify these times. Other signs of unrest include dagger blades with gold and silver inlay on bronze, representing various animal scenes and people carrying shields, found at Mycenae. Compared with Mycenae, Knossos appears to be a much more peaceful and artistic society. While both civilizations produced great art, the Knossos versions are more focused on peace and happiness, worship and love, while the examples found at the Citadel of Mycenae are not nearly as pleasant and unassuming. Essay #2 An example of a Geometric style vase is a terra cotta one from the Dipylon Cemetery, c. 750 bc. At 42 5/8 tall, this massive sized vase is meant to hold offerings. As per this period, the vase was used as a grave marker, keeping a detailed record of funerary rituals for an important person. The body of the dead was placed on the side of a high platform at the center of the top register of the vase. Male and female figures stand on each side of the body, gesturing in anguish. Chariots and foot soldiers form a procession. Abstract forms represent the human figures in full frontal or profile views, with no attempt at three dimensional form. The carefully arranged elements induce strong emotions nonetheless. Complex decoration, flat patterns, and outline shapes are typical from this period, as are the triangular torsos, rectangular arms, small waists, and long legs. Orientalized vases differ from earlier vases in their use of narrative story telling, particularly in mythical themes. A ceramic wide-mouthed pitcher, known as an olpe, from Corinth, c. 600 bc, at 11 1/2 tall, is painted in the black figure style of decoration. There are dark shapes on a pale background. The details are incised and the design enhanced with touches of white and red-purple gloss. In this vase, mythical creatures are silhouetted against stylized rosettes. What Is An Affirmative Action EssayThe peristyle of columns are set up with eight viewable from the front and back, and seventeen viewable from either side. These columns rest on a three level platform. To avoid an appearance of curvature from a distance, the architects designed the Parthenon with a slightly upward curved stylobate and entablature by entasis. The columns also have a swelling and lean inward just a bit from the bottom to the top. At each corner, the columns were placed closer together. All these optical refinements give the Parthenon a less boxy structural feel with instead, a stronger sculptural appeal. It is interesting to note that all these plans were carried out to make the Parthenon more appealing at a distance, however, those people who were lucky enough to be able to visit, and enter, had a difficult time viewing much of the wonderful sculpture. The frieze, for example, is located forty feet overhead, and because of the way it is set in the interior wall of the inner temple chamber, it is nearly impossible to see much of anything at all. The cella is enclosed in the temple, with an easterly opening. There is another space inside with an opening to the west. The entablature on both sides of the temple contains the frieze scene of the Panathenaic Festival. The sculpture decorating the Parthenon was completed in 432 bc by Pheidias. The pediments, depicting different Athena-related themes, were a sculpture-in-the-round, set in the cornice and secured with pins. The east pediment is a representation of the birth of athena, located above the cella entrance. The central figures are Zeus giving birth to adult-sized Athena with armor. Apollo and Selene are each located on either corner. The west pediment depicts a contest that Athena won against Poseidon for control of Athens. This one is set over the entrance to the acropolis. The Ionic frieze on the north size of the Parthenon represents the Panathenaic Festival, held each year to honor Athena. Women carried a wool peplos to the sanctuary to cover a wooden statue of Athena. In the frieze, there are horse riders and young men walking, all in good physical shape. As in many of the other sculpture of this time, it seems an ideal portrait to lookup to as example, not necessarily as things actually were. This frieze contains key elements of Classical Greek form. Athletic nudity or partial nudity, figures which turn to the front, side, and back equally, controlled movements, and restless horses are some of these elements. Structurally, this frieze is not proportioned correctly and the perspective is incorrect, but this was a planned method to show intense movement and liveliness. First to be carved in the mid-440s bc, were the mythologically symbolic metopes. The Doric frieze included 92 metope reliefs, with fourteen on each end and thirty-two along each side. Various battles are represented by a Centaur against a Lapith, a god against a Giant, and a Greek against either a Trojan or an Amazon. The original statue of Athena Parthenos, c. 440 bc, no longer exists, though reproductions do. These reproductions were generated with information found about the original, along with information known about how Athena was considered to be. The original statue used approximately 2500 pounds of gold, making it what may have been very controversial for Pheidias. Athena was depicted as a warrior with her helmet and visor, which displayed winged horses. The Nike figures stands in Athenas outstretched hand. The shield rests at her side, a sign that war is over, but Athena is still prepared and protective of her city. Athena was the goddess of Athens, but it is still unsure which came first. This statue of the greatly revered Athena stood in her temple to be both revered and to protect her city and its people. The shield that rests by Athena is highly decorated and given its immense size, the work that went into this project is unimaginable. The inside part shows the gods against the giants, depicted the giants storming Mount Olympus. The amazons are sculpted on the outside of the shield. Even Athenas sandals have figurative sculpture, this time of Lapiths and Centaurs fighting. Along the base of the statue, golden images of Pandora and witnesses to her birth contrast strongly against a white background. There is so much information available architecturally and symbolically on the Parthenon that it is hard to form a concise short description of important points, however, it is because of this knowledge, that scholars have been able to really understand Greek art and architecture.

Drive In Theatre by Curren$y free essay sample

The Drive in Theatre The rapper Curren$y has secured himself as my all time favorite rapper. I love his laid back style, interesting verses, amazing beats, and the featuring artists he brings onto projects he releases. Over the two years he has been on a roll dropping great mixtape after great mixtape such as Bales, Cigarette Boats and New Jet City, but he outdid him self when released The Drive in Theatre. The theme of his most recent mixtape was â€Å"The Godfather† which he displayed by adding segments of the movie into the beginning and end of each track. Each track has a different featuring artist or has only Curren$y over the beat, but are individually great and unique. He displays his wide spectrum of styles by bringing on featuring rappers such as Freddie Gibbs, B-Real, Young Roddy, and Action Bronson. Behind the scenes producing the songs are well known people like Cardo, Cooking Soul, and my personal favorite, Thelonius Martin. We will write a custom essay sample on Drive In Theatre by Curren$y or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each song and beat tells a different story and shows Curren$y’s diversity of vibes he gives to the listeners. I thoroughly enjoyed this mixtape and have recommended it to many of my friends and heard many positive things about it. I highly recommend giving this tape a listen because it appeals to all different tastes and styles of music.